Buick Encore: Engine Heating and Cooling - Diagnostic information and procedures
DTC P00B3 OR P00B4 (2H0 OR LUJ): Radiator coolant temperature (RCT) sensor
DIAGNOSTIC CODE INDEX
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
DTC Descriptors
DTC P00B3
Radiator Coolant Temperature (RCT) Sensor Circuit Low Voltage
DTC P00B4
Radiator Coolant Temperature (RCT) Sensor Circuit High Voltage
Diagnostic Fault Information
Typical Scan Tool Data
Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor
Circuit/System Description
NOTE: The radiator
coolant temperature sensor is referred to as B34B Engine Coolant
Temperature Sensor 2 in schematics and other areas.
The radiator coolant temperature (RCT) sensor is a variable resistor that
measures the temperature of the engine
coolant in the radiator. This diagnostic checks for an open, short to ground or
an intermittent circuit condition
between the engine control module (ECM) and RCT sensor.
The following table illustrates the difference between temperature, resistance,
and voltage:
Conditions for Running the DTC
P00B3
- The engine run time is greater than 10 s.
- The intake air temperature (IAT) is colder than 70ºC (158ºF).
- The DTC runs continuously when the above conditions are met.
P00B4
- The engine run time is greater than 60 s.
- The intake air temperature (IAT) is warmer than -7ºC (19ºF).
- The DTC runs continuously when the above conditions are met.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
P00B3
The ECM detects that the RCT sensor is warmer than 149ºC (300ºF) for greater
than 10 s.
P00B4
NOTE: The scan tool only displays to -40ºC (-40ºF).
The ECM detects that the RCT sensor is colder than -60ºC (-76ºF) for greater
than 10 s.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTC P00B3 and P00B4 are Type B DTCs.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTC P00B3 and P00B4 are Type B DTCs.
Diagnostic Aids
NOTE:
The engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor is mounted on the engine and
the
radiator coolant temperature (RCT) sensor is mounted on the radiator.
- As the thermostat opens, the RCT sensor temperature should rise steadily,
then stabilize once the
thermostat opens completely.
- Test the RCT sensor at various temperature levels in order to evaluate
the possibility of a skewed sensor.
- If the vehicle has sat for greater than 8 hours, the ECT sensor and the
RCT sensor values should display
within 3ºC (5ºF).
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions (LUV) ,
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble
Code (DTC) Type Definitions (2H0)
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify the scan tool Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor parameter is
between -39 to + 120ºC (-38 to
+248ºF) and changes with engine run time.
- If not between -39 to + 120ºC (-38 to +248ºF) or does not change
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- If between -39 to + 120ºC (-38 to +248ºF) and changes
- Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may
also operate the vehicle within
the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records data.
- Verify the DTC does not set.
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
- Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF, disconnect the harness
connector at the B34B Engine Coolant
Temperature Sensor. It may take up to 2 min for all vehicle systems to power
down.
- Test for less than 5 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 2
and ground.
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K20 Engine Control
Module.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the low reference circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If less than 5 ohms
- Ignition ON.
- Verify the scan tool Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor parameter is
colder than -39ºC (-38ºF).
- If warmer than -39ºC (-38ºF)
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K20 Engine Control
Module.
- Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 1 and
ground.
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If colder than -39ºC (-38ºF)
- Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 1
and the low reference circuit
terminal 2.
- Verify the scan tool Radiator Coolant Temperature sensor parameter is
warmer than 137ºC (280ºF).
- If colder than 137ºC (280ºF)
- Ignition OFF, remove the jumper wire, disconnect the harness connector
at the K20 Engine Control
Module.
- Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit and ground.
- If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit.
- If less than 1 V
- Ignition OFF.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If warmer than 137ºC (280ºF)
- Test or replace the B34B Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor.
Component Testing
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the B34B Engine
Coolant Temperature Sensor.
- Test the RCT sensor by varying the sensor temperature while monitoring
the sensor resistance. Compare
the readings with the Temperature Versus Resistance table. The resistance
values should be in range of
the table values.
- If not within the specified range
- Replace the B34B Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor.
- If within the specified range
- Test for infinite resistance between each terminal and the sensor
housing.
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the B34B Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Replacement (Water Outlet) , Engine
Coolant Temperature
Sensor Replacement (Radiator) for radiator coolant temperature sensor
replacement.
- Engine Control Module Replacement for engine control module replacement,
setup, and programming.
DTC P00B6 (2H0 OR LUJ): Radiator coolant temperature (RCT) Sensor
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category
DTC Descriptor
DTC P00B6
Radiator Coolant Temperature (RCT)-Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Not
Plausible
Diagnostic Fault Information
Typical Scan Tool Data
Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor
Circuit Description
The engine coolant temperature sensor is a variable resistor that measures
the temperature of the engine coolant
in the radiator. The engine control module (ECM) supplies 5 volts to the engine
coolant temperature signal
circuit and supplies a ground to the low reference circuit. The purpose of this
diagnostic is to determine if the
input from the RCT sensor is skewed warmer than normal. The internal clock of
the ECM will record the
amount of time the engine is OFF. If the required engine OFF time is met at
start-up, the ECM will compare the
temperature difference between the actual measured RCT and ECT sensors.
The following table illustrates the difference between temperature, resistance,
and voltage:
Conditions for Running the DTC
- DTCs P00B3, P00B4, P00B6, P0112, P0113, P0117, P0118, P0502, P0503 or
P2610 are not set.
- The vehicle has been OFF for greater than 8 hours before vehicle ON.
- The vehicle is ON, or the engine is running.
- The intake air temperature (IAT) is warmer than -7ºC (19ºF).
- The fuel level is greater than 10 percent.
- The DTC runs once per ignition cycle when the above conditions are met.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The ECM determines the absolute difference of temperature between the RCT
start up temperature and ECT
start up temperature is greater than 20ºC (68ºF) .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTC P00B6 is a Type B DTC.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTC P00B6 is a Type B DTC.
Diagnostic Aids
- As the thermostat opens, the radiator coolant temperature sensor signal
should rise steadily, then stabilize
once the thermostat opens completely.
- Inspect for the correct operation of the engine cooling system and
verify the correct coolant level.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions (LUV) ,
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble
Code (DTC) Type Definitions (2H0)
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Engine running, observe the DTC information with a scan tool. DTC P00B3,
P00B4, P0117, P0118,
P0597, P0598, or P0599 should not be set.
- If a DTC is set, refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle
for further diagnosis.
- Verify the coolant in the radiator surge tank is at the correct level
and there are no engine coolant leaks.
Refer to Cooling System Draining and Filling, and Loss of Coolant.
- Engine idling for 15 minutes with the A/C OFF.
NOTE:
Depending on ambient temperature, it may take up to 4 minutes for the
temperatures to equalize.
- Command the engine coolant thermostat heater to 100 percent with a scan
tool. Increase the engine speed
to 3,000 RPM. Observe the scan tool radiator coolant temperature sensor and
ECT sensor parameters. The
radiator coolant temperature sensor and the ECT sensor parameters should be
within 20ºC (68ºF).
- Operate the vehicle within the conditions for running the DTC to verify
the DTC does not reset. You may
also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the
freeze frame/failure records
data.
Circuit/System Testing
- Vehicle OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the B34B engine coolant
temperature sensor.
- Vehicle OFF, all systems OFF. This may take up to 2 minutes for all
vehicle systems to power down.
Test for less than 5 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 1 and
ground.
- If greater than the specified range, test the low reference circuit for
an open/high resistance. If the
circuit tests normal, replace the K20 engine control module.
- Vehicle ON, verify the scan tool Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor
parameter is at -40ºC (-40ºF).
- If warmer than the specified range, test the signal circuit terminal 2
for a short to ground. If the
circuit tests normal, replace the K20 engine control module.
NOTE: If the fuse in
the jumper wire opens, the signal circuit is shorted to a
voltage and the sensor may be damaged.
- Install a 1 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 2
and the low reference circuit
terminal 1. Verify the scan tool Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor
parameter is at 140ºC (284ºF).
- If less than specified range, test the signal circuit for a short to
voltage or an open/high resistance. If
the circuit tests normal, replace the K20 engine control module.
- If all circuits test normal, test or replace the B34B engine coolant
temperature sensor.
Component Testing
- Vehicle OFF, remove the B34B engine coolant temperature sensor.
NOTE: A thermometer
can be used to the used to test the sensor off the vehicle.
- Test the engine coolant temperature sensor by varying the sensor
temperature while monitoring the sensor
resistance. Compare the readings with the Temperature Versus Resistance
table and verify that the
resistance is within 5 percent of the specification.
- If not within the specified range, replace the B34B engine coolant
temperature sensor.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Replacement (Water Outlet) , Engine
Coolant Temperature
Sensor Replacement (Radiator)
- Engine Control Module Replacement for ECM replacement, setup, and
programming
DTC P00B7 (2H0 OR LUJ): Engine coolant flow insufficient
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
DTC Descriptors
DTC P00B7
Engine Coolant Flow Insufficient
Diagnostic Fault Information
Typical Scan Tool Data
Radiator Coolant Temperature Sensor
Circuit Description
The engine control module (ECM) monitors the temperature of the engine
radiator coolant. The ECM controls
the thermostat with a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal. The ECM compares the
radiator coolant
temperature to the engine coolant temperature in order to determine if there
sufficient coolant flow through the
thermostat.
Conditions for Running the DTC
- DTCs P00B3, P00B4, P00B6, P0116, P0117, and P0118 are not set.
- The engine run time is greater than 5 m.
OR
- The engine coolant temperature is greater than 105ºC (221ºF).
- The DTC runs continuously when the above conditions are met.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
NOTE:
The scan tool display range is between -40 and + 150ºC (-40 and +302ºF).
The ECM detects the difference between the RCT sensor and the ECT sensor is
greater than 30ºC (86ºF) when
the ECT sensor is warmer than 117ºC (242ºF) for greater than 5 s.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTC P00B7 is a Type B DTC.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTC P00B7 is a Type B DTC.
Diagnostic Aids
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions (LUV) ,
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble
Code (DTC) Type Definitions (2H0)
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Engine Running, observe the DTC information with a scan tool. DTC P00B3,
P00B4, P00B6, P0117,
P0118, P0597, P0598, and P0599 should not be set.
- If a DTC is set, refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle
for further diagnosis
- Verify the coolant in the radiator surge tank is at the correct level
and there are no engine coolant leaks.
Refer to Cooling System Draining and Filling, and Loss of Coolant.
- Verify the engine cooling fan operates. Refer to Cooling Fan Inoperative
(LUJ or LUV), Cooling Fan
Inoperative (2H0).
- Engine idling for 15 minutes with the A/C OFF.
NOTE: Depending on
ambient temperature, it may take up to 4 minutes for the temperature to decrease
less than the specified value.
- Command the Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater to 100 percent with a scan
tool. Increase the engine
speed to 3,000 RPM. Observe the scan tool ECT sensor parameter. The
temperature should decrease to
less than 85ºC (185ºF).
- Operate the vehicle within the conditions for running the DTC. You may
also operate the vehicle within
the conditions that you observed from the freeze frame/failure records data.
Circuit/System Testing
- Vehicle OFF, inspect the cooling system for the conditions below. Refer
to Symptoms - Engine Cooling.
- Weak coolant solution
- Obstructed radiator air flow or bent radiator fins
- Blocked cooling system passages
- Radiator hoses that are restricted, collapsed, or deteriorated
- Damaged water pump and or belt
- Loss of cooling system pressure
- Leaking surge tank cap
- Radiator hoses
- Cylinder head or an engine block that is cracked or plugged
- If you find any of the above conditions, repair as necessary.
- If all conditions test normal, replace the E41 engine coolant thermostat
heater.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
Engine Coolant Thermostat Replacement (2H0, LDE, LFH), Engine Coolant Thermostat
Replacement
(LUV, LUJ)
DTC P0480 OR P0481 (2H0): Cooling fan relay 1/2 control circuit
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
DTC Descriptors
DTC P0480
Cooling Fan Relay 1 Control Circuit
DTC P0481
Cooling Fan Relay 2 Control Circuit
Diagnostic Fault Information
Circuit/System Description
The engine cooling fan system is composed of one cooling fan, 2 relays, the
engine control module (ECM), and
the associated wiring. The cooling fan assembly includes 1 resistor mounted in
the cooling fan shroud. This
combination of components enables the ECM to operate the cooling fan at 2 speeds
using two fan control
circuits. The ECM activates the applicable relay by grounding the control
circuit with a solid state device called
a driver. Each driver is equipped with a feedback circuit that is pulled-up to a
voltage. The ECM can determine
if the control circuit is open, shorted to ground, or shorted to a voltage by
monitoring the feedback voltage. The
ECM will operate the cooling fan at either Low or High speed based on the
cooling requirements.
Conditions for Running the DTC
- The ignition voltage is 11-18 volts.
- The engine speed is 400 RPM or greater.
- The ECM has commanded the output driver ON and OFF at least once during
the ignition cycle.
- The DTCs run continuously when the conditions above are met.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The commanded state of the ECM driver and the actual state of the control
circuit do not match for greater than
5 seconds.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTCs P0480 and P0481 are Type C DTCs.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTCs P0480 and P0481 are Type C DTCs.
Diagnostic Aids
- The ECM has the capability of providing command to the fan relays even
when a scan tool output control
is being used. Always refer to the fan control command parameters on the
scan tool to know which fans
are being commanded ON by the ECM.
- The scan tool cooling fan output control operates as follows:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 operates the fan at low speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 2 operates the fan at a high speed
- When disconnecting or removing fuses and relays from a fuse block,
always inspect the component
electrical terminals for corrosion and the correct orientation in the fuse
block. Test the mating electrical
terminals for tightness.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Electrical Center Identification Views (Encore) , Electrical
Center Identification Views (Encore)
Description and Operation
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (LUJ or LUV), Cooling Fan
Description and Operation (2H0)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions (LUV)
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify an audible click is heard or felt from each cooling fan relay
when commanding the cooling fan ON
and OFF with a scan tool.
- If a click is not heard or felt at each of the relays
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- If a click is heard or felt at each of the relays
- Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may
also operate the vehicle within
the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records data.
- Verify the DTC does not set.
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the cooling fan relays listed below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
NOTE:
The following test must be performed on each of the relay coil ignition
circuits.
- Ignition ON, verify that a test lamp illuminates between the relay coil
ignition circuit terminal listed
below and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 85
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 85
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is good
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the ignition circuit of the appropriate
cooling fan relay, end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at
the fuse.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for infinite resistance between the relay coil ignition circuits
listed below and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 85
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 85
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground in the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, test all of the appropriate relays for a shorted
condition and replace as
necessary.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp, ignition ON.
NOTE: The following
tests must be performed on the two fan relay control
circuits.
- Connect a DMM, set on the diode setting, between a control circuit
terminal listed below and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 86
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed relay terminal 86
- Verify the DMM reading is greater than 2.5 V or displays O.L.
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 Engine
Control Module.
- Test for infinite resistance between the appropriate relay coil control
circuit and ground
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If greater than 2.5 V or displays O.L.
NOTE: The following
test must be performed on the two fan relay circuits.
- Verify the DMM reading is less than 1 V when commanding the Cooling Fan
Relays ON with a scan
tool.
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 Engine
Control Module, ignition
ON.
- Test for less than 1 V between the appropriate cooling fan relay control
circuit and ground.
- If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit.
- If less than 1 V.
- Ignition OFF.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the appropriate cooling fan relay control
circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If less than 1 V
- Test or replace the appropriate cooling fan relay.
Component Testing
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect a cooling fan relay.
- Test for 70-110 ohms between terminals 85/2 and 86/1.
- If less than 70 ohms or greater than 110 ohms
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Test for infinite resistance between following terminals:
- 30/3 and 86/1
- 30/3 and 87/5
- 30/3 and 85/2
- 85/2 and 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85/2 and 12 V.
- Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86/1 and ground.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30/3 and 87/5.
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.
- Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) , Relay Replacement (Attached
to Wire Harness)
- Control Module References for ECM replacement, programming, and setup
DTC P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, OR P0694 (LUJ OR LUV): Cooling fan
relay 1/2/3 control circuit
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
DTC Descriptors
DTC P0480
Cooling Fan Relay 1 Control Circuit
DTC P0481
Cooling Fan Relays 2 and 3 Control Circuit
DTC P0691
Cooling Fan Relay 1 Control Circuit Low Voltage
DTC P0692
Cooling Fan Relay 1 Control Circuit High Voltage
DTC P0693
Cooling Fan Relays 2 and 3 Control Circuit Low Voltage
DTC P0694
Cooling Fan Relays 2 and 3 Control Circuit High Voltage
Diagnostic Fault Information
KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay
KR20F Cooling Fan Relay
KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay
Circuit/System Description
The engine cooling fan system is composed of one cooling fan, a series of 5
relays, the engine control module
(ECM), and the associated wiring. The cooling fan assembly includes two
resistors. This combination of
components enables the ECM to operate the cooling fan at 3 speeds using two fan
control circuits.
Conditions for Running the DTC
LUV or LFF- ECM with 2 Face Mounted Connectors
- The ignition voltage is between 11-32 volts.
- The engine speed is 400 RPM or greater.
- The ECM has commanded the output driver ON and OFF at least once during
the ignition cycle.
- DTCs P0480 and P0481 run continuously when the conditions above are met.
LUJ- ECM with 3 Face Mounted Connectors
- The ignition voltage is 11 volts or greater.
- The ECM has commanded the output driver ON and OFF at least once during
the ignition cycle.
- DTCs P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, and P0694 run continuously when
the conditions above are
met.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The commanded state of the ECM driver and the actual state of the control
circuit do not match for greater than
5 seconds.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
- DTCs P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, and P0694 are Type B DTCs - LUV
or LFF.
- DTCs P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, and P0694 are Type C DTCs - LUJ.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
- DTCs P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, and P0694 are Type B DTCs - LUV
or LFF.
- DTCs P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, and P0694 are Type C DTCs - LUJ.
Diagnostic Aids
- The ECM has the capability of providing command to the fan relays even
when a scan tool output control
is being used. Always refer to the scan tool Cooling Fan Relay Command
parameters to know which fans
are being commanded ON by the ECM.
- The scan tool cooling fan output control operates as follows:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 operates the fan at a low speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 2 and 3 operates the fan at a medium speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 1, 2 and 3 operates the fan at a high speed
- When disconnecting or removing fuses and relays from a fuse block,
always inspect the component
electrical terminals for corrosion and test the mating electrical terminals
for tightness.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Electrical Center Identification Views (Encore) , Electrical Center
Identification Views (Encore)
Description and Operation
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (LUJ or LUV)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions (LUV)
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify an audible click is heard or felt from each cooling fan relay
when commanding the cooling fan ON
and OFF with a scan tool.
- If a click is not heard or felt at each of the relays
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- If a click is heard or felt at each of the relays
- Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may
also operate the vehicle within
the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records data.
- Verify the DTC does not set.
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- All OK
Circuit/System Testing
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the cooling fan relays listed below:
- KR20F Cooling Fan Relay
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
NOTE: The following
test must be performed on each of the relay coil ignition
circuits.
- Ignition ON, verify that a test lamp illuminates between ground and the
relay coil ignition circuit terminal
listed below:
- KR20F Cooling Fan Relay terminal 85/2
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay terminal 86/1
If the test lamp does not illuminate and the fuse is good.
- Ignition OFF, and all vehicle systems OFF, it may take up to 2 minutes
for all vehicle systems to
power down. Remove the fuse that supplies ignition voltage to the coil side
of the cooling fan
relays.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between the ignition circuit terminal of the
appropriate cooling fan relay and the fuse.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at
the fuse.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open
- Ignition OFF, and all vehicle systems OFF, it may take up to 2 minutes
for all vehicle systems to
power down.
- Test for infinite resistance between the relay coil ignition circuits
listed below and ground:
- KR20F Cooling Fan Relay terminal 85/2
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 86/1
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground in the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, test all of the appropriate cooling fan relays
for a shorted condition and
replace as necessary.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp, ignition ON.
NOTE:
- The following tests must be performed on all three fan relay control
circuits.
- The Red test lead should be connected to the control circuit.
- Connect a DMM, set on the diode setting, between a control circuit
terminal listed below and ground:
- KR20F cooling fan relay terminal 86/1
- KR20P cooling fan medium speed relay terminal 85/2
- KR20D cooling fan high speed relay terminal 85/2
- Verify the DMM reading is greater than 2.5 V or displays O.L.
- Ignition OFF, and all vehicle systems OFF, it may take up to 2 minutes
for all vehicle systems to
power down. Disconnect the harness connector X1 at the K20 Engine Control
Module.
- Test for infinite resistance between the appropriate relay coil control
circuit and ground.
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If greater than 2.5 V or displays O.L.
NOTE: The following
test must be performed on all three fan relay circuits.
- Verify the DMM reading is less than 1 V when commanding the Cooling Fan
Relays ON with a scan
tool.
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector X1 at the K20 Engine
Control Module, ignition
ON.
- Test for less than 1 V between the appropriate cooling fan relay control
circuit and ground.
- If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit.
- If less than 1 V.
- Ignition OFF.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the appropriate cooling fan relay control
circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If less than 1 V
- Test or replace the appropriate cooling fan relay.
Component Testing
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect a cooling fan relay.
- Test for 70-110 ohms between terminals 85/2 and 86/1.
- If less than or greater than the specified range
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- If within the specified range
- Test for infinite resistance between the following terminals:
- 30/3 and 86/1
- 30/3 and 87/5
- 30/3 and 85/2
- 85/2 and 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85/2 and 12 V.
- Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86/1 and ground.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30/3 and 87/5.
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
- Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) , Relay Replacement (Attached
to Wire Harness)
- Control Module References for ECM replacement, setup, and programming
DTC P0597-P0599 (2H0 OR LUJ): Engine coolant thermostat heater control
Circuit
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
DTC Descriptor
DTC P0597
Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater Control Circuit
DTC P0598
Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater Control Circuit Low Voltage
DTC P0599
Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater Control Circuit High Voltage
Diagnostic Fault Information
Circuit/System Description
The engine control module (ECM) controls the pulse width modulated (PWM)
thermostat. The thermostat
controls coolant flow and regulates the engine operating temperature. Ignition
voltage is supplied directly to the
thermostat through a fuse. The ECM controls the thermostat by grounding the
control circuit with a solid state device called a driver.
The driver is equipped with a feedback circuit that is pulled-up to a voltage.
The ECM
can determine if the control circuit is open, shorted to ground, or shorted to a
voltage by monitoring the
feedback voltage.
Conditions for Running the DTCs
- The ignition is ON, or the engine is running.
- The DTCs run continuously once the above condition is met
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The ECM detects that the commanded state of the driver and the actual state
of the control circuit do not match
for greater than 15 seconds.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
- DTCs P0597, P0598, and P0599 are Type B DTCs.
- The engine control module commands the engine cooling fans ON.
Conditions for Clearing the DTC
DTCs P0597, P0598, and P0599 are Type B DTCs.
Diagnostic Aids
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions (LUV) ,
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble
Code (DTC) Type Definitions (2H0)
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Verify the coolant in the radiator surge tank is at the correct level
and there are no engine coolant leaks.
Loss of Coolant, and Cooling System Draining and Filling
- If the coolant level is not correct
Repair as necessary.
- If the coolant level is correct
- Ignition ON.
- Verify the parameters listed below do not display Malfunction when
commanding the Engine Coolant
Thermostat Heater ON and OFF with a scan tool.
- Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater Control Circuit Low Voltage Test Status
- Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater Control Circuit Open Test Status
- Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater Control Circuit High Voltage Test
Status
- If Malfunction is displayed
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- If Malfunction is not displayed
- Operate the vehicle within the conditions for running the DTC. You may
also operate the vehicle within
the conditions that you observed from the freeze frame/failure records data.
- Verify the DTC does not set.
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the E41 Engine Coolant
Thermostat Heater, Ignition
ON.
- Verify that a test lamp illuminates between the ignition circuit
terminal 2 and ground.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is good
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the ignition circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at
the fuse.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for infinite resistance between the ignition circuit and ground.
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground in the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, test all the components connected to fuse and
replace as necessary.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Connect a test lamp between the ignition circuit terminal 2 and the
control circuit terminal 1, command
the Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater to Increase to 100 % and Decrease to 0
% with a scan tool.
- Verify that a test lamp turns On and OFF.
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K20 Engine Control
Module.
- Test for infinite resistance between the control circuit and ground.
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If the test lamp is always OFF
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K20 Engine Control
Module, ignition ON.
- Test for less than 1 V between the control circuit and ground.
- If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit.
- If less than 1 V.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the control circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms replace the K20 Engine Control Module.
- If the test lamp turns On and OFF
- Test or replace the E41 Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
- Engine Coolant Thermostat Replacement (2H0, LDE, LFH), Engine Coolant
Thermostat
Replacement (LUV, LUJ) for E41 engine coolant thermostat heater replacement
- Control Module References for engine control module, replacement,
programming, and setup.
DTC P2181 (2H0 OR LUJ): Engine cooling system performance
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
DTC Descriptor
DTC P2181
Engine Cooling System Performance
Circuit/System Description
The engine control module (ECM) monitors temperature difference between the
engine coolant temperature
(ECT) sensor and the radiator coolant temperature (RCT) sensor during a cold
start-up. The purpose of this
diagnostic is to analyze the engine coolant thermostat for being stuck open.
Conditions for Running the DTC
- DTCs P00B3, P00B4, P00B6, P0101, P0102, P0103, P0111, P0112, P0113,
P0114, P0116, P0117, or
P0118 are not set.
- The engine run time is between 70 s and 30 min.
- The engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor at start-up is between
-10ºC to +59ºC (14ºF to 138ºF).
- The intake air temperature (IAT) sensor is between -7ºC to +60ºC
(-4ºF to +140ºF).
- The airflow into the engine is between 1 to 100 g/s.
- The DTC runs once per ignition cycle when the above conditions are
met.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The ECM detects the engine coolant thermostat is stuck open for at least 2.5
min.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTC P2181 is a Type B DTC
Conditions for Clearing the DTC
DTC P2181 is a Type B DTC
Diagnostic Aids
- Insufficient vehicle interior heating is an indication of improper
thermostat operation.
- The scan tool Desired ECT Sensor and the ECT Sensor parameters should be
within 5ºC (9ºF) when the
engine is at operating temperature.
- A resistance condition in the ECT sensor circuits may cause this DTC.
This condition results in a greater
voltage on the ECT sensor signal circuit, which is interpreted by the ECM as
a colder ECT
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Description and Operation
Cooling System Description and Operation
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Engine running, observe the DTC information with a scan tool. DTC P00B3,
P00B4, P00B6, P0117, or
P0118 should not be set.
- If a DTC is set, refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle
for further diagnosis.
- Verify the coolant in the radiator surge tank is at the correct level
and there are no engine coolant leaks.
Refer to Cooling System Draining and Filling, and Loss of Coolant.
NOTE: Depending on
ambient temperature, it may take up to 4 min for the
temperature to increase greater than the specified value.
- Engine idling for 15 min with the A/C OFF. Verify the engine cooling fan
is not ON at all times.
- Command the Engine Coolant Thermostat Heater to 0 % with a scan tool.
Increase the engine speed to
3,000 RPM. Observe the scan tool ECT sensor parameter. The temperature
should increase to greater than
102ºC (215ºF).
- If less than the specified value, replace the E41 engine coolant
thermostat heater.
- Operate the vehicle within the conditions for running the DTC to verify
the DTC does not reset. You may
also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the
freeze frame/failure records
data.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
Engine Coolant Thermostat Replacement (2H0, LDE, LFH), Engine Coolant Thermostat
Replacement
(LUV, LUJ)
SYMPTOMS - ENGINE COOLING
Important Preliminary Inspections Before Starting
Before using the Symptom diagnosis, perform the following:
- Perform Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle and verify all of the
following items:
- Engine control module (ECM) and malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) are
operating correctly.
- There are no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) stored.
- Scan tool data is within a normal operating range.
- Verify the customer concern.
- Perform the Visual/Physical Inspection in this section. The visual/physical
inspection is extremely
important, and can lead to correcting a condition without additional testing.
It may also help reveal the
cause of an intermittent condition.
- Locate the correct symptom. Perform the tests and inspections associated
with the symptom.
Review the entire cooling system operation in order to familiarize
yourself with the system functions. Refer to
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (LUJ or LUV), Cooling Fan Description and
Operation (2H0),
and Cooling System Description and Operation.
Visual/Physical Inspection
CAUTION: Use the connector test adapter kit EL-35616-F for any test
that requires
probing the following items:
- The control module harness connectors
- The electrical center fuse/relay cavities
- The component terminals
- The component harness connector
Using this kit will prevent damage caused by the improper probing of
connector terminals.
Several of the symptom procedures call for a careful visual and physical
inspection. This can lead to correcting
a condition without further tests and can save time. This inspection should
include the following:
- Ensure that the control module grounds are clean, tight, and correctly
located.
- Inspect cooling system hoses and pipes for splits, kinks, and improper
connections. Inspect thoroughly for
any type of leak or restriction.
- Inspect for a dirty or restricted radiator or HVAC condenser.
- Inspect for aftermarket devices which could affect the operation of the
cooling system.
- Inspect the easily accessible or visible system components for obvious
damage or conditions which could
cause the symptom.
- Inspect the coolant recovery reservoir for proper coolant level.
Identifying Intermittent Conditions
Many intermittent conditions occur with harness or connector movement due to
engine torque, rough pavement,
vibration or physical movement of a component. Refer to the following for a list
to help isolate an intermittent
condition:
- Water intrusion in connectors, terminals, or components
- Poor connector mating
- Terminal contact
- High circuit or component resistance-High resistance can include any
resistance, regardless of the
amount, which can interrupt the operation of the component.
- Harness' that are routed too tight, or chaffed circuits
- High or low ambient temperatures
- High or low engine coolant temperatures
- High underhood temperatures
- Heat build up in components or circuits due to circuit resistance, poor
terminal contact, or high electrical
load
- High or low system voltage
- High vehicle load conditions
- Rough road surface
- Electro-magnetic interference (EMI)/circuit interference from relays,
solenoids or other electrical surge
- Incorrect installation of non-factory, aftermarket, or after factory add
on accessories
If an intermittent fault is detected, refer to Testing for Intermittent
Conditions and Poor Connections for
specific strategies in diagnosing intermittent conditions.
Symptom List
Refer to a symptom diagnostic procedure from the following list in order to
diagnose the symptom:
- Cooling Fan Always On (LUJ or LUV), Cooling Fan Always On (2H0)
- Cooling Fan Inoperative (LUJ or LUV), Cooling Fan Inoperative (2H0)
- Engine Overheating
- Loss of Coolant
- Thermostat Diagnosis
- Engine Fails To Reach Normal Operating Temperature
Cooling fan always on (LUJ OR LUV)
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of the
diagnostic category.
Circuit/System Description
The engine cooling fan system is composed of one cooling fan, a series of 5
relays, the engine control module
(ECM), and the associated wiring. The cooling fan assembly includes two
resistors. This combination of
components enables the ECM to operate the cooling fan at 3 speeds using two fan
control circuits.
Diagnostic Aids
- The scan tool cooling fan output control operates as follows:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 operates the fan at a low speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 2 and 3 operates the fan at a medium speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 1, 2 and 3 operates the fan at a high speed
- Certain resistance conditions with intake air temperature (IAT) or
engine coolant temperature (ECT)
sensors may cause unwarranted cooling fan activation. If the ECM is
commanding the cooling fans ON
for no apparent reason and without any component or system DTCs set, the IAT
or ECT sensor may be
skewed. If this condition is suspected, refer to the Temperature Versus
Resistance tables in Specifications
of the appropriate engine controls subsection.
- If the cooling fan operates at high speed when the ECM is requesting
medium speed operation, test or
replace the KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Electrical Center Identification Views (Encore) , Electrical Center
Identification Views (Encore)
Description and Operation
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (LUJ or LUV)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify that there are no cooling system DTCs set.
Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle .
- Verify the scan tool parameters listed below display OFF.
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 Command
- Cooling Fan Relays 2 and 3 Command
- If a scan tool parameter displays ON
Refer to Diagnostic Aids and Symptoms - Engine Cooling for further diagnosis
- If both scan tool parameters display OFF
- Verify that the fan is not activated.
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
NOTE: The following
tests must be performed on each cooling fan relay.
- Ignition OFF, disconnect each cooling fan relay one at a time, in the
order listed below, ignition ON:
- KR20F Cooling Fan Relay
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
- Verify that the cooling fan is not activated after each relay is removed.
- If the cooling fan is ON with all of the listed relays removed
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the R10 Cooling Fan
Resistor, ignition ON.
- Test for less than 1 V between the relay controlled output circuit
terminal listed below and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 87/5
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay terminal 87/5
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 87/5
- If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage in the appropriate
circuit.
- If the cooling fan is OFF after a listed relay is removed
- Replace the appropriate cooling fan relay.
Component Testing
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect a cooling fan relay.
- Test for 70-110 ohms between terminals 85/2 and 86/1.
- If less than or greater than the specified range
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- If within the specified range
- Test for infinite resistance between the following terminals:
- 30/3 and 86/1
- 30/3 and 87/5
- 30/3 and 85/2
- 85/2 and 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85/2 and 12 V.
- Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86/1 and ground.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30/3 and 87/5.
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) , Relay Replacement (Attached
to Wire Harness)
Cooling fan always ON (2H0)
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provide an overview of each
diagnostic category.
Circuit/System Description
The engine cooling fan system consists of a cooling fan assembly containing
one electric cooling fan. The
engine control module (ECM) uses two fan control circuits and a series of two
relays to command the fans ON
in either high speed or low speed, depending on cooling requirements. The ECM
activates the applicable relay
by grounding the control circuit with a solid state device called a driver. Each
driver is equipped with a
feedback circuit that is pulled-up to a voltage. The ECM can determine if the
control circuit is open, shorted to
ground, or shorted to a voltage by monitoring the feedback voltage. In low speed,
the fan is turned ON at a
reduced speed. High speed has the fan turned ON at full speed.
Diagnostic Aids
- The scan tool cooling fan output control operates as follows:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 operates both fans at a low speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 2 operates one fan at a high speed
- Certain resistance conditions with IAT or ECT sensors may cause
unwarranted cooling fan activation. If
the ECM is commanding the cooling fans ON for no apparent reason and without
any component or
system DTCs set, the IAT or ECT sensor may be skewed. If this condition is
suspected, refer to the
temperature versus resistance tables in the appropriate Engine Controls
subsection.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Electrical Center Identification Views (Encore) , Electrical Center
Identification Views (Encore)
Description and Operation
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (2H0)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify that DTC P0480 or P0481 is not set.
- If any of the DTCs are set
Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle .
- If none of the DTCs are set
- Verify the scan tool parameters listed below display OFF:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 Command
- Cooling Fan Relays 2 Command
- If a scan tool parameter displays ON
Refer to Diagnostic Aids and Symptoms - Engine Cooling for further diagnosis.
- If both scan tool parameters display OFF
- Verify that the fan is not activated.
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
Cooling Fan Always ON
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay and KR20D
Cooling Fan High
Speed Relay one at a time, ignition ON.
- Verify that the cooling fan is OFF.
- If the cooling fan is ON after both relays are removed
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the G10 Cooling Fan
Motor, ignition ON.
- Test for less than 1 V between the appropriate output control circuit
terminal 87 and ground.
- If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage in the circuit.
- If the cooling fan is OFF after both relays are removed
- Test or replace the appropriate cooling fan relay.
Component Testing
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect a cooling fan relay.
- Test for 70-110 ohms between terminals 85/2 and 86/1.
- If less than 70 ohms or greater than 110 ohms
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Test for infinite resistance between following terminals:
- 30/3 and 86/1
- 30/3 and 87/5
- 30/3 and 85/2
- 85/2 and 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85/2 and 12 V.
- Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86/1 and ground.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30/3 and 87/5.
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.
Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) , Relay Replacement (Attached
to Wire Harness)
Cooling fan inoperative (LUJ OR LUV)
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
Circuit/System Description
The engine cooling fan system is composed of one cooling fan, a series of 5
relays, the engine control module
(ECM), and the associated wiring. The cooling fan assembly includes two
resistors. This combination of
components enables the ECM to operate the cooling fan at 3 speeds using two fan
control circuits.
Diagnostic Aids
- The scan tool cooling fan output control operates as follows:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 operates the fan at a low speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 2 and 3 operates the fan at a medium speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 1, 2 and 3 operates the fan at a high speed
- When disconnecting or removing fuses and relays from a fuse block,
always inspect the component
electrical terminals for corrosion. Test the mating electrical terminals for
tightness.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Electrical Center Identification Views (Encore) , Electrical Center
Identification Views (Encore)
Description and Operation
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (LUJ or LUV)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify that DTC P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, or P0694 is not set.
Refer to DTC P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, or P0694 (LUJ or LUV).
- Verify that the G10 Cooling Fan Motor operates at low, medium, and high
speed, when commanding the
appropriate cooling fan relays ON and OFF with a scan tool.
- If the cooling fan does not operate at all speeds
Refer to Circuit/System Testing.
- If the cooling fan operates at all speeds
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
Inoperative in All Speeds
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the R10 Cooling Fan
Resistor.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between the ground circuit terminal 1 and
B+.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the ground circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, repair the open/high resistance in the ground
connection.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Test or replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor. Replace the cooling fan fuses
if necessary.
Low, Medium, or High Speed Inoperative
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect the following cooling fan relays, ignition ON:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
- KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay
- KR20F Cooling Fan Relay
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between ground and each of the cooling
fan relay B+ circuit terminals
listed below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 30/3
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 30/3
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay terminal 30/3
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is good
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the appropriate relay B+ circuit, end to
end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at
the fuse.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the R10 Cooling Fan
Resistor.
- Test for infinite resistance between the appropriate relay controlled
output circuit terminal listed
below and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 87/5
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 87/5
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay terminal 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground in the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, test or replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor,
replace the fuse as
necessary.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between the KR20F Cooling Fan Relay
output circuit terminal 87/5 and
B+.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the ground circuit, end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, repair the open/high resistance in the ground
connection.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Ignition OFF, Install the KR20F Cooling Fan Relay, ignition ON.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between each of the cooling fan relay
ignition circuit terminals listed below
and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 86/1
- KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay terminal 85/2 and 30/3
- If the test lamp does not illuminate at each terminal
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between the appropriate relay ignition circuit
terminal and the fuse.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at
the fuse.
- If the test lamp illuminates at each terminal
- Command the cooling fan ON at low speed with a scan tool.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between B+ and each of the relay control
circuit terminals listed below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 85
- KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay terminal 86
- If the test lamp does not illuminate
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp and disconnect the KR20F Cooling Fan
Relay.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between the KR20F Cooling Fan Relay terminal
30/3 and the relay
control circuit terminals listed below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 85
- KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay terminal 86
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, replace the KR20F Cooling Fan Relay.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Ignition OFF, install the KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay,
ignition ON.
- Command the cooling fan ON at low speed with a scan tool.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between the KR20D Cooling Fan High
Speed Relay ignition circuit
terminal 85/1 and ground.
If the test lamp does not illuminate
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp and disconnect the KR20E Cooling Fan
Speed Control Relay.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between the KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
terminal 85/1 and
KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay terminal 87/5.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, replace the KR20E Cooling Fan Speed Control Relay.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Ignition OFF, install all of the previously removed cooling fan relays.
Disconnect the harness connector
at the R10 Cooling Fan Resistor, ignition ON.
- Command the cooling fan ON at high speed with a scan tool.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between ground and each of the R10
Cooling Fan Resistor circuit terminals
listed below:
- R10 Cooling Fan Resistor low speed circuit terminal 2
- R10 Cooling Fan Resistor medium speed circuit terminal 3
- R10 Cooling Fan Resistor high speed circuit terminal 4
- If the test lamp does not illuminate at each terminal
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Disconnect the appropriate relay from the list below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
- KR20P Cooling Fan Medium Speed Relay
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the relay controlled output circuit, end to
end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, test or replace the relay.
- If the test lamp illuminates at each terminal
- Test or replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor.
Component Testing
Relay Test
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect a cooling fan relay.
- Test for 70-110 ohms between terminals 85/2 and 86/1.
- If less than or greater than the specified range
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- If within the specified range
- Test for infinite resistance between the following terminals:
- 30/3 and 86/1
- 30/3 and 87/5
- 30/3 and 85/2
- 85/2 and 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85/2 and 12 V.
- Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86/1 and ground.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30/3 and 87/5.
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- All OK.
Cooling Fan Motor Test
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect the harness connector at the R10 Cooling Fan Resistor.
- Connect a jumper wire between the R10 Cooling Fan Resistor terminal 1
and ground.
- Connect an appropriately fused jumper wire between a R10 Cooling Fan
Resistor terminal listed below
and B+.
- R10 Cooling Fan Resistor low speed terminal 2
- R10 Cooling Fan Resistor medium speed terminal 3
- R10 Cooling Fan Resistor high speed terminal 4
- Verify the G10 Cooling Fan Motor operates when voltage is applied to
each terminal.
- The cooling fan does not operate
Replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic
procedure.
- Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) , Relay Replacement (Attached
to Wire Harness)
- Front Compartment Fuse Block Replacement
- Engine Coolant Fan Replacement (LUJ, LUV)
Cooling fan inoperative (2H0)
Diagnostic Instructions
- Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this
diagnostic procedure.
- Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic
approach.
- Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each
diagnostic category.
Circuit/System Description
The engine cooling fan system is composed of one cooling fan, 2 relays, the
engine control module (ECM), and
the associated wiring. The cooling fan assembly includes 1 resistor mounted in
the cooling fan shroud. This
combination of components enables the ECM to operate the cooling fan at 2 speeds
using two fan control
circuits. The ECM activates the applicable relay by grounding the control
circuit with a solid state device called
a driver. Each driver is equipped with a feedback circuit that is pulled-up to a
voltage. The ECM can determine
if the control circuit is open, shorted to ground, or shorted to a voltage by
monitoring the feedback voltage. The
ECM will operate the cooling fan at either Low or High speed based on the
cooling requirements.
Diagnostic Aids
The scan tool cooling fan output control operates as follows:
- Cooling Fan Relay 1 operates the fan at a low speed
- Cooling Fan Relay 2 operates the fan at a high speed
When disconnecting or removing fuses and relays from a fuse block, always
inspect the component
electrical terminals for corrosion and the correct orientation in the fuse block.
Test the mating electrical
terminals for tightness.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Heating/Cooling Schematics (Encore), Engine Heating/Cooling
Schematics (Encore)
Connector End View Reference
WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -
INDEX - ENCORE WIRING SYSTEMS AND POWER MANAGEMENT - COMPONENT
CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX - Encore
Electrical Information Reference
- Electrical Center Identification Views (Encore) , Electrical Center
Identification Views (Encore)
Description and Operation
Cooling Fan Description and Operation (2H0)
Electrical Information Reference
- Circuit Testing
- Connector Repairs
- Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
- Wiring Repairs
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON.
- Verify that DTC P0480, P0481, P0691, P0692, P0693, or P0694 is not set.
Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle .
- Verify that the cooling fan operates at low and high speed, when
commanding the appropriate cooling fan
relays ON and OFF with a scan tool.
- If the cooling fan does not operate at all speeds
Refer to Circuit/System Testing
- If the cooling fan operates at all speeds
- All OK.
Circuit/System Testing
Inoperative in All Speeds
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the G10 Cooling Fan
Motor.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between the ground circuit terminal C and
B+.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the ground circuit end to end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, repair the open/high resistance in the ground
connection.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Test or replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor. Replace the cooling fan fuses
if necessary.
Low or High Speed Inoperative
- Disconnect the following cooling fan relays, ignition ON:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between ground and each of the cooling
fan relay B+ circuit terminals
listed below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 30
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 30
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is good
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the appropriate relay B+ circuit, end to
end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at
the fuse.
- If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open
- Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the G10 Cooling Fan
Motor.
- Test for infinite resistance between the appropriate relay controlled
output circuit terminal listed
below and ground:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay terminal 87
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay terminal 87
- If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground in the
circuit.
- If infinite resistance, test or replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor,
replace the fuse as
necessary.
- If the test lamp illuminates
- Ignition OFF, install all of the previously removed cooling fan relays.
Disconnect the harness connector
at the G10 Cooling Fan Motor, ignition ON.
- Command the cooling fan ON at high or low speed as appropriate with a
scan tool.
- Verify a test lamp illuminates between ground and appropriate G10
Cooling Fan Motor circuit terminals
listed below:
- G10 Cooling Fan Motor low speed circuit terminal B
- G10 Cooling Fan Motor high speed circuit terminal A
- If the test lamp does not illuminate at each terminal
- Ignition OFF, remove the test lamp.
- Disconnect the appropriate relay from the list below:
- KR20C Cooling Fan Low Speed Relay
- KR20D Cooling Fan High Speed Relay
- Test for less than 2 ohms in the relay controlled output circuit, end to
end.
- If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit.
- If less than 2 ohms, test or replace the relay.
- If the test lamp illuminate at each terminal
- Test or replace the G10 Cooling Fan Motor.
Component Testing
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect a cooling fan relay.
- Test for 70-110 ohms between terminals 85/2 and 86/1.
- If less than 70 ohms or greater than 110 ohms
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Test for infinite resistance between following terminals:
- 30/3 and 86/1
- 30/3 and 87/5
- 30/3 and 85/2
- 85/2 and 87/5
- If less than infinite resistance
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85/2 and 12 V.
- Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86/1 and ground.
- Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30/3 and 87/5.
Replace the cooling fan relay.
- All OK.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.
- Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) , Relay Replacement (Attached
to Wire Harness)
- Engine Coolant Fan Replacement (LUJ, LUV), Engine Coolant Fan
Replacement (2H0)
ENGINE OVERHEATING
Engine Overheating
Loss of Coolant
Thermostat Diagnosis
Engine Fails To Reach Normal Operating Temperature
COOLING SYSTEM LEAK TESTING
Special Tools
- EN 471 Adapter
- EN 6327 A Cooling System Test Adapter
For equivalent regional Tools, refer to Special Tools.
WARNING: Under pressure, the temperature of the
solution in the radiator can
be considerably higher, without boiling. Removing the radiator cap
while the engine is hot (pressure is high), will cause the solution to
boil instantaneously, with explosive force. The solution will spew
out over the engine, fenders, and the person removing the cap.
Serious bodily injury may result. Flammable antifreeze, such as
alcohol, is not recommended for use at any time. Flammable
antifreeze could cause a serious fire.
WARNING: In order to help avoid being burned, do not remove the
radiator cap
while the engine and the radiator are hot. Scalding fluid and steam
can be blown out under pressure if the cap is removed too soon.
- Remove the surge tank cap.
- Check the coolant level.
Fill the coolant level to the COLD mark if necessary.
- Pull the coolant expansion tank from the bracket in the direction of the
battery.
NOTE: Follow manufacturer instructions
- Attach the coolant system tester with EN 471 adapter and EN 6327 A
adapter to the coolant expansion
tank.
- Apply approximately 100 kPa (15 psi) to the cooling system.
- Check the cooling system for leaks.
- Remove the cooling system tester.
- Release the pressure
- Remove the cooling system tester with EN 471 adapter
- Install the surge tank cap.
READ NEXT:
Cooling system draining and filling
Draining Procedure
WARNING: To avoid being burned, do not remove the radiator cap or
surge tank
cap while the engine is hot. The cooling system will release scaldi
Cooling fan description and operation (LUJ OR LUV)
The engine cooling fan system is composed of one cooling fan, a series of 5
relays, the engine control module
(ECM), and the associated wiring. The
SEE MORE:
NOTE: To determine the appropriate reset procedure, refer to OXYGEN
SENSOR
REMINDER FLAG RESET. Only vehicles listed in this index have an oxygen
sensor reminder flag reset.
OXYGEN SENSOR REMINDER FLAG RESET INDEX
OXYGEN SENSOR REMINDER FLAG - PROCEDURE 1
Every 30,000 miles, a reminder flag app
Exterior lighting systems description and operation
Exterior Lamps
The exterior lighting system consist of the following lamps if equipped:
Automatic high beam assist
Backup lamps
Daytime running lamps
Front fog lamps
Hazard warning lamps
Headlamps
Park, tail and license lamps
Stop lamps
T